4 in Roman Numerals
Four is the first number that teaches the subtractive rule. Instead of IIII you write IV, one placed before five. This is the most searched single value in Roman numerals, largely because clock makers often break the rule and use IIII anyway.
How IV is formed
Reading left to right, 4 breaks into these additive parts. Each Roman symbol is added in turn to reach the total.
IV = 4 = 4.
Where 4 in Roman numerals is used
- Hour 4 on a clock or watch face, shown as IV.
- Chapter, act or appendix numbering in books and plays.
- Super Bowl IV and other numbered championship events.
- Outlines, exam questions and list items in formal documents.
Good to know about 4
- Four is the single most searched Roman numeral, largely because clock faces so often use IIII instead of IV.
- On a clock or watch face, 4 o'clock is shown as IV.
Convert another number
4 is written IV in Roman numerals.
Frequently asked questions
How do you write 4 in Roman numerals?
Write 4 as IV, combining IV. Start from the largest value that fits and work down until nothing is left over.
Why is 4 not written IIII?
IV uses the subtractive rule: a smaller symbol placed before a larger one is taken away, so you never repeat a symbol four times. IIII breaks that rule, which is why IV is the only correct form.
Is IV the 4 you see on a clock?
Yes. 4 o'clock is written IV on Roman-numeral clock and watch faces, with the one quirk that many dials print four as IIII rather than IV out of tradition.
What are 3 and 5 in Roman numerals?
3 is III and 5 is V. Neighbouring numbers often change length in surprising ways, which is why each has its own page.